To meet its international commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, NEC directive, European air quality standards and so on, the Dutch government must implement additional policies in the coming years. In consultation with the transport sector, the Environment ministry (VROM) therefore drew up a broad list of 136 policy options and asked the National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) and CE to estimate the costs, emissions impact and cost efficiency of each option. The outcome of the study was used by the ministry as the basis for drawing up the government’s new Transport Emissions policy. CE’s remit in this project CE was to calculate the effects and effectiveness of forty options and pull the results together into a comprehensive policy package.