The price of solar power has fallen substantially in recent years, and municipal and regional authorities are seeing a growing number of permit applications for large-scale solar power projects, both in and out of town. These developments are spawning new issues, in particular the challenge of integrating more (variable) solar power into the grid and avoiding damage to local ecologies. How are these new issues affecting cost trends and are there any other impacts for society at large? At the request of TKI Urban Energy and the Netherlands Enterprise Agency, RVO, a methodology has been developed for calculating the private and public costs of large-scale solar power in the Netherlands and identifying choices that need to be made.